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According to two new studies funded by the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, male circumcision may cut a man's risk of contracting HIV in half. The studies were conducted on men living in Kenya and Uganda, where heterosexual transmission of the virus is common. Because of the promising results, the studies were halted early to give all participants the option of getting circumcised.

DEFINITION: (noun) A spectacular public display. SYNONYMS: ostentation. USAGE: Because they were considered hometown heroes, the returning astronauts were greeted with much fanfare.

Considered one of the most important figures in modern architecture, the Brazilian Niemeyer was a pioneer in the use of reinforced concrete, and his buildings feature smooth curves that are distinct from those of his more utilitarian contemporaries. Niemeyer's remarkable original work in the creation of Brazil's new capital, Brasília (1950–60), brought him enormous acclaim and is widely considered his masterpiece. In what 1964 French movie is he somewhat parodied?

Looking for a way to relieve the boredom of his students during indoor gym classes, Naismith nailed a peach basket to each end of a gymnasium, created two teams of nine players, and thus invented basketball. Basketball was inspired in part by a game Naismith had played as a child, called Duck-on-a-Rock. One month later, Naismith published rules for the game, which did not allow for what is known today as dribbling; players had to move the ball up the court in what way?

A guided missile is a self-propelled, unmanned space or air vehicle carrying an explosive warhead whose path can be adjusted during flight, either by automatic self-contained controls or remote human control. Guided missiles were first developed in their military form by the Germans, who in World War II employed V-1 and V-2 missiles. They have since become the key strategic weapon of modern warfare and a much used tactical weapon. What types of guided missiles are there?